Furrow-opener for seeding-machines.



TTED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

ERNEST BASEMAN, OF MACEDON, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO BICKFORD AND IIUFFMAN COMPANY, OF MACEDON, NEW YORK, A CORPORA- TION OF NEV YORK.

lFURROW-OPENER FOR SEEDING-MACHINES.

sPEoIrTca'rIoN forming part of Letters Patent No. 717,155, dated December 30, 1902- Application filed October 18. 1902.

To @ZZ whom it may concern/.g

Beit known that I, ERNEST BASEMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Macedon in the county of Wayne and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furrow-Openers for Seeding-Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to seeding-machines or grain-drills, and more particularly to that class of seeding-machines provided with rotating disks or colters which in the operation of the machine out or open furrows wherein the grain or seed is deposited. These seeding-machines are known in the art as disk drills and are ordinarily constructed with disks journaled to rotate atan angle relative to the line of motion on which they are made to travel when passing through the soil, and as a consequence the furrows formed thereby approximate more or less closely to a V shape-that is to say, the furrow is broader at the top than at the bottom. When this form of disk drill is employed, it often happens, due to the inclined sides of the V- shaped. furrow, that the grain or seed de-4 posited at the apex thereof has insufficient space for proper germination and that the plant is liable to be root-bound and stunted in its growth.

It is the object of my invention to obviate this difficulty and to form a furrow with a [iat and wider seed-bed. To this end I propose to construct and arrange a piece or plate distinct from the conduit in such manner that it will not be entirely contained within the furrow formed by the disk, but will extend to one side thereof, so as to cooperate with the disk in the cutting of the furrow and to form it with a broader bed.

My invention consists in the construction and combination of parts now to be described in the specification and finally pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, wherein the same parts are designated bythe same letters of reference throughout, Figure l is a view of a single disk, plate, and conduit and shows therewith.

Serial No. 127.778. (No model.)

number of furrow-openers maybe connected thereto. For the purposes of illustration I have shown only a single set of the connected parts.

The frame or side bars A A may be of any suitable or desired construction. Suitably journaled at J, near the rear of the side bars, is a disk D, which is shown in the drawings as concavo-convex or saucer-shaped and as journaled at an angle to the line of draft and in such manner that the lower edge of the disk will enter the soil and cutinto it by reason of the engagement of its concave side The grain conduit or tube O may be attached to one of the side bars A A behind the journal J of the disk D in any suitable manner, it being provided with two parallel ribs c d, between which is inserted the end of the bar A, which is then bolted at S535 or otherwise removably connected to the conduit. The plate or piece S may also be connected to the side bar A and is shown in the drawings as secured thereto by the same bolts S5 S5. The front edge of the plate or piece S below the side bar A is inclined inwardly and made to conform in shape to the convex side of the disk D in the manner well understood and extends downwardly to a point s2 nearly on a level with the lower or cutting edge of the disk D. From the point s2 the lower or cutting edge of the plate S extends horizontally to the rear and is also iiared outwardly away from the disk to a point s3 in a manner similar to the moldboard of a plow, as clearly shown in the drawings, so thatr it projects considerably beyond the cutting-line of the disk, and therefore beyond the furrow which would be formed by the disk D if employed alone. The result of this formation is that during the forward movement of the disk D a furrow will be opened in the soil by the entrance into it of the concave edge of the disk, which will penetrate and lift the soil on the one side, and at practically the same instant the soil on the convex side of the disk D will be engaged by the horizontal cutting edge of the plate S at or near the point s2, and as the plate S moves forward the soil will be penetrated and lifted by its lower flaring edge in substantially the same manner that it is penetrated and raised by the concave edge at the other side of the disk, and a furrow will thus be formed having abroader and flatter seed-bed than would be secured in the use of the disk alone. While the furrow is being formed in the manner just described the grain or seed may be deposited therein through the conduit O, its inner formation being clearly shown in Fig. 8 and also by dotted lines in the other figures, the general slope of which conducts the seed or grain to a point within the furrow opened and maintained by the disk D and plate S. As the disk and plate move forward in the further operation of the machine the portion of the furrow opened and maintained by the lower edge of the plate S will pass over the rear point s3 thereof and fall upon the grain already deposited.

The side or drag bars A A may be attached to the machine in any suitable manner.

A lifting-strap E may be connected to the side bar A at its lower end, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1, and may be attached at its upper end to any suitable mechanism for raising and lowering the disks. This, however, forms no part of my present invention.

I believe that my construction as above described is well adapted to obviate the obj ections arising from the V-shaped furrow and to form a broad and flat seed-bed, upon which the seed is scattered and immediately covered by the soil falling back from the curved edge of the plate, thereby avoiding the congested condition so common to the rows of grain when planted in a V-shaped furrow and affording the best possible conditions for germination and development.

Another advantage arising from myinvention is that the horizontal cutting edge of the plate, which cooperates with the disk in the moving and uplifting of the soil, but in the opposite direction to the action of the disk, has a tendency to counterbalance the side draft incidental to the action of all disks when set at an angle relative to motion and, more than this, assists to some extent in holding the disk more positively down to its work.

In Letters Patent of the United States granted to James Samuel Heath and myself as joint inventors, No. 711,626, on the 21st day of October, 1902, for an improvement in furrow-openers for seeding-machines there is kMimi55 shown and described an arrangement whereby the furrow is formed at one side by the edge of an angularly-inclined disk and at the other side by the conduit or a device connected thereto which projects beyond the cutting line of the disk. My present invention contemplates the employment, in connection with an angularly-inclined disk, of a furrow-opening plate or moldboard which is distinct and separate from the conduit, the latter being employed simply to deliver the grain within the furrow and having no effect or function in the opening thereof.

I have herein described a preferred form of my improved furrow-opener; but it will be obvious that many changes and variations may be made therein without departing from the spirit of. my invention. Thus, for instance, the plate and conduit may be dierently located or secured on the disk-supporting frame, or the conduit may be entirely disconnected from the frame, or the furrowopening plate may be separately supported, or other changes may be made which would still be comprised within the gist of my invention, which consists, broadly, in the combination of an angularly-inclined rotatable disk and a piece mounted in proximity thereto and projecting beyond the cutting-line of the disk, so as to constitute a furrow-opener therewith, and a separate conduit to deposit grain or seed in the furrow formed thereby.

Having thus described my invention, its construction and mode-of operation, what I claim, and `desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is as follows:

l. In a seeding-machine, the combination of an angularly-inclined rotatable disk and a piece located in proximity thereto and projecting beyond the cutting-line thereof, the whole forming a furrow-opener, together with a conduit to deposit grain or seed in the furrow.

2. In a seeding-machine, the combination of an angularly-inclined rotatable disk and a piece located in proximity thereto and projecting beyond the cutting-line thereof, the lower edge of the piece being curved to raise the soil, the whole constituting a furrowopener, together with a conduit to deposit grain or seed in the furrow.

3. In a seeding-machine, the combination of an angularly-inclined rotatable disk and a piece provided with one edge conforming to the shape of the disk and a lower flaring edge which projects beyond the cutting-line of the disk, the whole constituting a furrow-opener, together with a conduit to deposit grain or seed in the furrow.

4E. In a seeding-machine, the combination of an angularly-inclined rotatable disk and a piece provided with a lower flaring edge which coacts with the disk in the opening of a furrow, together with a conduit to deposit grain or seed therein.

5. In a seeding-machine, the combination IIO IIS

of an anguiariy-ineiined rotatable disk and a name to this specification in the presence of piece provided with one edge conforming to two subscribing Witnesses. the shape of the disk, and a lower flaring edge which eoaots with the disk in the opening of 5 a. furrow, together with a, conduit to deposit l Witnesses:

grain or seed therein. D. C. TICKNOR,

In testimony whereof I have signed my BURROWS MCNEIR.

ERNEST BASEMAN. 

